汤母 · 索亚历险记 | The Adventures of Tom Sawyer

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“汤姆!” 没人答应。 “汤姆!” 又没人答应。 “这孩子到底怎么啦,我真搞不懂?你这个汤姆!” 还是没有人答应。 这老太太拉低眼镜从镜片上方朝房间看了看,然后她又抬高眼镜从镜片下面看。她很少 或者干脆说她从来没戴正眼镜来找像一个小男孩这样小的东西。这副眼镜是很考究的,也是 她的骄傲,她配这副眼镜不是为了实用,而是为了“装饰”,为了“漂亮”。她看东西时, 即使戴上两片炉子盖也照样看得一清二楚。她茫然不知所措地愣了一会儿。然后虽然不是凶 神恶煞般,但嗓门高得让每个角落都能听到,她说: “好,我发誓如果我抓住你,我就——” 她话没有说完,因为这时她正弯腰用扫把往床下猛捣,每捣一下,她需要停下来换口 气。结果,只捣出来一只猫。 “我还从没有见过这么令人吃惊的孩子!” 她走到敞开的门口,站在那里朝满园子的西红柿藤和吉普逊草丛中看,想找到汤姆,可 还是没有。于是她亮开嗓子朝远处,高声喊到: “汤姆呀,汤姆!” 这时在她身后传来一声轻微的响声,她转身一把抓住了一个小男孩的短外套的衣角,他 想跑都跑不掉了。 “嘿!我早该想到那个壁橱,你躲在那里干什么?” “没干什么。” “没干什么?!瞧你那双手,再看你那张嘴,还有那浑身是什么?” “我不知道,姨妈。” “哎,我知道,那是蜜饯——对,就是。我已跟你讲过有四十遍了,不要动我的蜜饯, 否则我就扒你的皮。把鞭子递给我。” 鞭子在空中晃悠——情况万分紧急。 “不得了!瞧你身后是什么,姨妈!” 老太太以为有危险,急忙撩起裙子,转过身去。汤姆拨腿就逃,顷刻他爬过高高的木栅 栏,一转眼就消失得无影无踪。 他的波莉姨妈站在那儿先是一愣,随后突然轻声笑了起来。 “这个该死的,我怎么老是不吸取教训?和我开这样的玩笑,也不知开过多少次了。难 道我不该有所提防吗?人老了,糊涂才是最大的糊涂蛋。俗话说得好,老狗学不会新把戏。 可是天啦!他耍的鬼把戏里从来没有两天一样的,谁能猜出下个鬼主意是什么?他似乎知 道,他能折磨我多长时间,我才会动肝火,而且他也知道他只要想个法哄哄我,惹我大笑一 场,就会万事皆休,我也不会揍他一顿。我对他是敢怒不能揍。我对那孩子没尽到责任,上 帝知道那是真的。《圣经》里说:‘孩子不打不成器。'我太溺爱那孩子,我也知道这对我 俩都不好。他一肚鬼点子。哎呀,但他是我那死去的亲姐姐的儿子,可怜的孩子,我怎么也 不忍心揍他。每一次饶了他,我良心都受谴责;可是每一回打他,我都有点心痛不忍。哎, 哎,就像《圣经》所说的,人为母生,光阴荏苒,充满苦难。我看这话说得一点都不错。今 天下午他要是逃学,明天我就想法让他干点活,惩罚惩罚他。星期六让他干活,恐怕苛刻了 点,因为所有的孩子都放了假,他又恨透了干活,比恨什么都厉害。可是我不得不对他尽到 我的责任,否则我会把这个孩子给毁了。” 汤姆真的没去上课,而且痛痛快快地玩了一场。他回家时正好赶上帮那小黑孩吉姆的 忙,帮他在晚饭前锯第二天用的木头,劈引火用的柴——至少他及时赶到那儿,把他所干的 事讲给吉姆听,而活却是吉姆干了四分之三。汤姆的弟弟(确切地说是同母异父的弟弟)希 德已干完了他那份活(捡碎木块),因为他是个不声不响的孩子,从不干什么冒险的事,也 不惹什么麻烦。 汤姆吃晚饭的时候,总是瞅机会偷糖吃,波莉姨妈这时开始问他,话里充满了诡计,而 且非常巧妙——因为她要设点圈套,套他说出实话来。跟其他许多头脑简单的人一样,她很 自负,并且相信自己很有点子,会耍弄诡秘狡猾的手腕,把自己极易被人识破的诡计当作最 高明的计策,她说: “汤姆,学校里挺热的,对吧?” “是的,姨妈。” “热的厉害,对不对?” “对,姨妈。” “你是不是想去游泳来着,汤姆。” 汤姆忽然感到有点慌张——一丝不安和疑惑掠过心头。他偷眼察看波莉姨妈的脸色,可 什么也没有看出来。于是他说: “没有啊,姨妈——呃,没怎么想去。” 老太太伸出手摸摸汤姆的衬衣,说道: “可是你现在却并不怎么热,是吧!”她已发现衬衣是干的,却没有人知道她内心的真 正用意,为此她感到很得意。而汤姆猜透了她的心思,所以他为防老太太的下一招来了个先 发制人。 “有的人往大家头上打水——你瞧,我的头发还是湿的呢!” 波莉姨妈很懊恼,她居然没注意到这个明摆着的事实,以致错过了一次机会。可接着她 灵机一动,计上心来: “汤姆,你往头上浇水的时候,不必拆掉我给你衬衫上缝的领子吧?把上衣的纽扣解 开!” 汤姆脸上的不安马上就消失了。他解开上衣,衬衣的领子还是缝的好好的。 “真是怪事。得,算了吧!我看你旷课去游泳了!我认为你就像俗话里说的烧焦毛的猫 一样——并不像表面看起来的那样坏。就这一次,下不为例。” 她一面为自己的计谋落空而难过,一面又为汤姆这一次竟能如此温顺听话而高兴。 可是希德却说: “哼,我记得你好像给他缝领子用的是白线,可现在却是黑线。” “嘿,我的确用白线缝的!汤姆!” 可汤姆没等听完话就走了。他走出门口的时候说: “希德,为这我可要狠狠揍你一顿。” 在一个安全的地方,汤姆仔细检查了别在上衣翻领上的两根大针,针上还穿着线,一根 绕着白线,另一根绕着黑线。 他说: “如果不是希德,她是永远不会注意到的。真讨厌!有时她用白线缝,有时又用黑线。 我真希望她总是用一种线——换来换去我实在记不住。不过,我发誓非揍希德一顿不可,我 要好好教训教训他。” 汤姆不是村里的模范男孩,但他对那位模范男孩非常熟悉,并且很讨厌他。 不到两分钟,甚至更短,他已将全部烦恼给忘记了。就像大人们的烦恼也是烦恼一样, 他忘记烦恼并不是因为他的烦恼对他不怎么沉重和难受,而是因为一种新的、更强烈的兴趣 暂时压倒并驱散了他心中的烦闷——就像大人们在新奇感受的兴奋之时,也会暂时忘却自己 的不幸一样。这种新产生的兴趣就是一种新的吹口哨方法,它很有价值,是刚从一个黑人那 学到的,现在他正要一心练习练习又不想被别人打扰。这声音很特别,像小鸟的叫声,一种 流畅而委婉的音调。在吹这个调子的时候,舌头断断续续地抵住口腔的上腭——读者若曾经 也是孩子的话,也许还记得该怎样吹这种口哨。汤姆学得很勤奋,练得很专心,很快就掌握 了其中要领。于是他沿街大步流星地走着,口中吹着口哨,心里乐滋滋的,那股乐劲如同天 文学家发现了新行星时一般,仅就乐的程度之深之强烈而言,此时的汤姆绝对比天文学家还 要兴奋。 夏天的下午很长,这时天还没有黑。汤姆的口哨声忽然停住了,因为在他面前出现了一 个陌生人——一个比他大一点的男孩。 在圣彼德堡这个贫穷、破落的小村子里,不管是男的还是女的,老的还是少的,只要是 新来的,就能引起人们的好奇心。而且这个男孩穿得非常讲究——在平常工作日竟穿戴如此 整齐,仅这就让汤姆对他刮目相看。他的帽子很精致,蓝色的上衣扣得紧紧的,又新又整 洁,他的裤子也是一样。他竟然还穿着鞋——要知道,今天可是星期五!他甚至还打了条领 带,那是条颜色鲜亮的丝质领带。他摆出一副城里人的架势,汤姆对此感到很不自在。汤姆 眼盯着他那套漂亮的衣服,鼻子翘得高高的。可是他越看越是觉得自己身上的衣服很寒酸破 旧。两个人都一声不吭。一个挪动一步,另一个也挪一步——可都是斜着步子兜圈子。他俩 面对面,眼对眼这样相持了很长时间,最后还是汤姆先开了腔: “我能打得过你!” “我倒想见识见识。” “那好,我就打给你看。” “得了,你不行。” “我行。” “你就是不行。” “我就是行。” “不行!” “行!” “不行!” 两个人都不自在地停了下来。接着汤姆问道: “你叫什么名字?” “这也许你管不着!” “哼,我就管得着!” “好,那你就管管看。” “要是你再啰嗦,我就管给你看。” “啰嗦——啰嗦——偏要啰嗦,看你能怎么样?” “哎,你认为你自己很了不起,是不是?如果我想打倒你的话,一只手背在后面都能打 过你。” “好啊,你说你能打过我,那你为什么不动手啊?” “如果你老是嘴硬的话,我就打给你看。” “嘿——你这种人我见得多了,尽吹大话下不了台!” “哈!你自以为是个人物呢!瞧,你那帽子!” “你要是看不顺眼你就把它摘下来呀,如果你敢碰,我就揍扁你!” “你吹牛。” “你也是吹牛。” “你光是讲大话,不敢动手。” “噢,滚你的蛋吧!” “告诉你——要是你再骂我的话,我就用石头砸碎你的脑袋。” “那好,你就来砸啊!” “我肯定会的。” “那你为什么不来试试?你老是吹牛不敢动手,哦,我知道你害怕了。” “我才不怕呢!” “你怕!” “我不怕!” “你就是怕!” 两个人暂停了一会儿,接着又眼对眼,身子侧身子兜着圈子走了几步。忽然两个人肩抵 着肩。汤姆说: “你从这滚吧!” “你自己滚吧!” “我不滚。” “我也不滚。” 于是他俩站在那儿,双方都斜着一只脚撑着劲,用尽力气想把对手往后推,两个人都愤 恨地瞪着对方。可是谁都没占优势。他们直斗得浑身燥热,满脸通红,然后两人稍稍放松, 却都小心谨慎地提防着对方。这时,汤姆又说:“你是个胆小鬼,是个狗崽子。我要向我大 哥哥告你的状,他只要动动小指头就能把你捏碎,我会让他揍你的。” “我可不怕你什么大哥哥,我有一个比你大哥还大的大哥哥——而且我大哥哥能把你的 大哥哥从那堵篱笆围墙扔过去。” (两个人的所谓的大哥哥都是虚构的。) “你撒谎。” “你讲的也不是真的。” 汤姆用大脚趾头在地上的灰土上划了一道线,说: “你若敢跨过这道线,我就把你打趴在地上,让你站不起来。谁敢,谁就得吃不了兜着 走。” 这个新来的男孩毫不犹豫地跨过那道线,说: “你说你敢打我,现在来看看你怎么打法。” “你不要逼我!你最好还是当心点。” “哎,你不是说要打我吗?——你为什么不动手啊?” “得了,你要是肯给我两个分币,我就动手。” 新来的男孩果真从衣服口袋里掏出两个分币,嘲弄地摊开手掌。汤姆一把将钱打翻在 地。立刻两个人像两只争食的猫一样,在地上的尘土里滚打,撕扯起来,紧接着又是扯头 发,又是揪衣领,拼命地捶打对方的鼻子,抓对方的脸。两个人都弄得浑身是土,却又都威 风凛凛。最后谁胜谁败逐渐见了分晓,汤姆从尘土中爬起来,骑在那个男孩的身上,攥紧拳 头使劲地打那个男孩。 “挨够了吗?求饶吧!”他说。 那个男孩只想挣脱出来。他气得嚎啕大哭。 汤姆还在不停地捶打,说:“求饶吧!” 那男孩只好挤出几个字:“饶了我!” 汤姆让他站起来,对他说: “现在你知道我的厉害了吧!以后最好给我小心点,看看在跟谁嘴硬。” 这位新来的男孩拍拍身上的尘土,哭哭啼啼地走开了。他不时地回过头来,摇晃着脑 袋,吓唬汤姆: “下次要是抓住你,我就,我就……” 汤姆对此不屑一顾,趾高气扬地走开了。他的背刚一转过来,那男孩子就抓起一块石头 朝他砸过来,正打在汤姆的背上,接着就夹着尾巴,像羚羊似的飞快地跑掉了。汤姆穷追不 舍,直追到他家。他就站在人家大门口,嚷着叫那男孩出来较量,可是那个对手只是在窗子 里朝他挤鼻子弄眼,拒不迎战。最后那对手的妈妈出来了,咒骂汤姆是个邪恶下流、没有家 教的坏孩子,喝斥他赶快滚开。于是汤姆就走了,不过,他临走时说还要寻机再教训教训那 混小子一顿。 那天晚上,他回到家时已经很迟了。当他小心翼翼地从窗户往里爬时,猛然间发现了有 人埋伏,仔细一看,原来是他的波莉姨妈。她看到他衣服被弄成那副样子,原来就打算让汤 姆在星期六休息日干活的决心现在就更加坚定了。

THERE was no possibility of taking a walk that day. We had been wandering, indeed, in the leafless shrubbery an hour in the morning; but since dinner (Mrs. Reed, when there was no company, dined early) the cold winter wind had brought with it clouds so sombre, and a rain so penetrating, that further outdoor exercise was now out of the question. I was glad of it: I never liked long walks, especially on chilly afternoons: dreadful to me was the coming home in the raw twilight, with nipped fingers and toes, and a heart saddened by the chidings of Bessie, the nurse, and humbled by the consciousness of my physical inferiority to Eliza, John, and Georgiana Reed. The said Eliza, John, and Georgiana were now clustered round their mama in the drawing-room: she lay reclined on a sofa by the fireside, and with her darlings about her (for the time neither quarrelling nor crying) looked perfectly happy. Me, she had dispensed from joining the group; saying, 'She regretted to be under the necessity of keeping me at a distance; but that until she heard from Bessie, and could discover by her own observation, that I was endeavouring in good earnest to acquire a more sociable and childlike disposition, a more attractive and sprightly manner- something lighter, franker, more natural, as it were- she really must exclude me from privileges intended only for contented, happy, little children.'

'What does Bessie say I have done?' I asked.

'Jane, I don't like cavillers or questioners; besides, there is something truly forbidding in a child taking up her elders in that manner. Be seated somewhere; and until you can speak pleasantly, remain silent.'

A small breakfast-room adjoined the drawing-room, I slipped in there. It contained a bookcase: I soon possessed myself of a volume, taking care that it should be one stored with pictures. I mounted into the window-seat: gathering up my feet, I sat cross-legged, like a Turk; and, having drawn the red moreen curtain nearly close, I was shrined in double retirement. Folds of scarlet drapery shut in my view to the right hand; to the left were the clear panes of glass, protecting, but not separating me from the drear November day. At intervals, while turning over the leaves of my book, I studied the aspect of that winter afternoon. Afar, it offered a pale blank of mist and cloud; near a scene of wet lawn and storm-beat shrub, with ceaseless rain sweeping away wildly before a long and lamentable blast. I returned to my book- Bewick's History of British Birds: the letterpress thereof I cared little for, generally speaking; and yet there were certain introductory pages that, child as I was, I could not pass quite as a blank. They were those which treat of the haunts of sea-fowl; of 'the solitary rocks and promontories' by them only inhabited; of the coast of Norway, studded with isles from its southern extremity, the Lindeness, or Naze, to the North Cape- 'Where the Northern Ocean, in vast whirls, Boils round the naked, melancholy isles Of farthest Thule; and the Atlantic surge Pours in among the stormy Hebrides.'Nor could I pass unnoticed the suggestion of the bleak shores of Lapland, Siberia, Spitzbergen, Nova Zembla, Iceland, Greenland, with 'the vast sweep of the Arctic Zone, and those forlorn regions of dreary space,- that reservoir of frost and snow, where firm fields of ice, the accumulation of centuries of winters, glazed in Alpine heights above heights, surround the pole and concentre the multiplied rigours of extreme cold.' Of these death-white realms I formed an idea of my own: shadowy, like all the half-comprehended notions that float dim through children's brains, but strangely impressive. The words in these introductory pages connected themselves with the succeeding vignettes, and gave significance to the rock standing up alone in a sea of billow and spray; to the broken boat stranded on a desolate coast; to the cold and ghastly moon glancing through bars of cloud at a wreck just sinking.

I cannot tell what sentiment haunted the quite solitary churchyard, with its inscribed headstone; its gate, its two trees, its low horizon, girdled by a broken wall, and its newly-risen crescent, attesting the hour of eventide. The two ships becalmed on a torpid sea, I believed to be marine phantoms. The fiend pinning down the thief's pack behind him, I passed over quickly: it was an object of terror. So was the black horned thing seated aloof on a rock, surveying a distant crowd surrounding a gallows. Each picture told a story; mysterious often to my undeveloped understanding and imperfect feelings, yet ever profoundly interesting: as interesting as the tales Bessie sometimes narrated on winter evenings, when she chanced to be in good humour; and when, having brought her ironing-table to the nursery hearth, she allowed us to sit about it, and while she got up Mrs. Reed's lace frills, and crimped her nightcap borders, fed our eager attention with passages of love and adventure taken from old fairy tales and other ballads; or (as at a later period I discovered) from the pages of Pamela, and Henry, Earl of Moreland. With Bewick on my knee, I was then happy: happy at least in my way. I feared nothing but interruption, and that came too soon. The breakfast-room door opened.

'Boh! Madam Mope!' cried the voice of John Reed; then he paused: he found the room apparently empty.

'Where the dickens is she!' he continued. 'Lizzy! Georgy! (calling to his sisters) Joan is not here: tell mama she is run out into the rain- bad animal!'

'It is well I drew the curtain,' thought I; and I wished fervently he might not discover my hiding-place: nor would John Reed have found it out himself; he was not quick either of vision or conception; but Eliza just put her head in at the door, and said at once-

'She is in the window-seat, to be sure, Jack.'

And I came out immediately, for I trembled at the idea of being dragged forth by the said Jack.

'What do you want?' I asked, with awkward diffidence.

'Say, "What do you want, Master Reed?"' was the answer. 'I want you to come here;' and seating himself in an armchair, he intimated by a gesture that I was to approach and stand before him.

John Reed was a schoolboy of fourteen years old; four years older than I, for I was but ten: large and stout for his age, with a dingy and unwholesome skin; thick lineaments in a spacious visage, heavy limbs and large extremities. He gorged himself habitually at table, which made him bilious, and gave him a dim and bleared eye and flabby cheeks. He ought now to have been at school; but his mama had taken him home for a month or two, 'on account of his delicate health.' Mr. Miles, the master, affirmed that he would do very well if he had fewer cakes and sweetmeats sent him from home; but the mother's heart turned from an opinion so harsh, and inclined rather to the more refined idea that John's sallowness was owing to over-application and, perhaps, to pining after home.

John had not much affection for his mother and sisters, and an antipathy to me. He bullied and punished me; not two or three times in the week, nor once or twice in the day, but continually: every nerve I had feared him, and every morsel of flesh in my bones shrank when he came near. There were moments when I was bewildered by the terror he inspired, because I had no appeal whatever against either his menaces or his inflictions; the servants did not like to offend their young master by taking my part against him, and Mrs. Reed was blind and deaf on the subject: she never saw him strike or heard him abuse me, though he did both now and then in her very presence, more frequently, however, behind her back.

Habitually obedient to John, I came up to his chair: he spent some three minutes in thrusting out his tongue at me as far as he could without damaging the roots: I knew he would soon strike, and while dreading the blow, I mused on the disgusting and ugly appearance of him who would presently deal it. I wonder if he read that notion in my face; for, all at once, without speaking, he struck suddenly and strongly. I tottered, and on regaining my equilibrium retired back a step or two from his chair.

'That is for your impudence in answering mama awhile since,' said he, 'and for your sneaking way of getting behind curtains, and for the look you had in your eyes two minutes since, you rat!'

Accustomed to John Reed's abuse, I never had an idea of replying to it; my care was how to endure the blow which would certainly follow the insult.

'What were you doing behind the curtain?' he asked.

'I was reading.'

'Show the book.'

I returned to the window and fetched it thence.

'You have no business to take our books; you are a dependant, mama says; you have no money; your father left you none; you ought to beg, and not to live here with gentlemen's children like us, and eat the same meals we do, and wear clothes at our mama's expense. Now, I'll teach you to rummage my bookshelves: for they are mine; all the house belongs to me, or will do in a few years. Go and stand by the door, out of the way of the mirror and the windows.'

I did so, not at first aware what was his intention; but when I saw him lift and poise the book and stand in act to hurl it, I instinctively started aside with a cry of alarm: not soon enough, however; the volume was flung, it hit me, and I fell, striking my head against the door and cutting it. The cut bled, the pain was sharp: my terror had passed its climax; other feelings succeeded.

'Wicked and cruel boy!' I said. 'You are like a murderer- you are like a slave-driver- you are like the Roman emperors!'

I had read Goldsmith's History of Rome, and had formed my opinion of Nero, Caligula, etc. Also I had drawn parallels in silence, which I never thought thus to have declared aloud.

'What! what!' he cried. 'Did she say that to me? Did you hear her, Eliza and Georgiana? Won't I tell mama? but first-' He ran headlong at me: I felt him grasp my hair and my shoulder: he had closed with a desperate thing. I really saw in him a tyrant, a murderer. I felt a drop or two of blood from my head trickle down my neck, and was sensible of somewhat pungent suffering: these sensations for the time predominated over fear, and I received him in frantic sort. I don't very well know what I did with my hands, but he called me 'Rat! Rat!' and bellowed out aloud. Aid was near him: Eliza and Georgiana had run for Mrs. Reed, who was gone upstairs: she now came upon the scene, followed by Bessie and her maid Abbot. We were parted: I heard the words-

'Dear! dear! What a fury to fly at Master John!'

'Did ever anybody see such a picture of passion!'

Then Mrs. Reed subjoined-

'Take her away to the red-room, and lock her in there.' Four hands were immediately laid upon me, and I was borne upstairs.

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